高铁站房空间的高效性、有序性与直达性的理性耦合研究——以近十年以来国内外新建高铁客站为例

The Rational Coupling of High Efficiency, Orderliness and Directness of Highspeed Rail Station Space: The Analysis of New High-speed Railway Stations at Home and Abroad in the Past Ten Years

随着高速铁路建设的迅猛发展,近年来我国新建了大量高铁客站。新建客站无论从建筑规模还是形态上,相比以往的铁路客站都存在较大差别。该文肯定了近年来新建客站在建筑造型、流线、结构等设计理念上的成就和创新,总结概述了新建并投入使用的高铁客站存在的缺点和不足,繁琐的高架进站空间、混乱的综合候车空间和偏远的站台空间是影响换乘效率和空间体验的主要问题。重点分析了近十年来国内外新建的高铁客站,从运营高效、环境舒适、换乘便捷、节能环保等方面进行深入剖析,最后归纳总结了高铁站房的空间改进策略,实现进站空间高效性、候车空间有序性和站台空间直达性,并且确保相互间的理性结合。同时提出今后高铁站房设计未来可能的发展模式。

With the rapid development of high-speed railway construction,a large number of high-speed railway passenger stations have been built in China in recent years.The construction scale and shape of the new passenger station are quite different from those of the previous railway passenger stations.In this paper we affirm the achievements and innovations of the new passenger stations in the architectural design,streamline,structure and other design concepts in recent years,and summarize the shortcomings of the new high-speed railway passenger stations.The cumbersome elevated entrance space,chaotic integrated waiting space and remote platform space are the main issues affecting the transfer efficiency and space experience.Focusing on the analysis of the newly built high-speed railway stations in China and abroad in the past ten years,we have carried out in-depth analysis from the aspects of efficient operation,comfortable environment,convenient transfer,energy saving and environmental protection.Finally,we summarize the space improvement strategy of the high-speed rail stations,achieve efficient entrance space,orderly waiting space and direct platform space,and ensure a rational combination of each other.At the same time,we propose a possible future development model for the design of high-speed rail station buildings.