粤港澳大湾区法制协调及其实现路径--以外商投资法制为视角

Research on Rules Coordination in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and Its Realization Paths--from the Perspective of Foreign Investment Laws

粤港澳大湾区体制创新离不开规则与法制的保障。在“一国两制”原则下,粤港澳大湾区法制建设宜通过法制协调的方式进行。以外商投资法制为例,粤港澳大湾区法制协调存在三种路径:一为国内法上的自我变革,以“准入前国民待遇加负面清单”为核心制度的《中华人民共和国外商投资法》大大缩小了粤港澳大湾区投资体制差异;二为区际法制协调,内地与港澳特别行政区分别签署了《〈内地与香港关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排〉投资协议》和《〈内地与澳门关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排〉投资协议》,具有统一投资保护规则的效果,《中华人民共和国外商投资法》实施后,区际协调还应当与时俱进;三为国际协定在港澳特别行政区的协调统一适用,中外投资协定适用于港澳特别行政区符合“一国两制”原则的时代内涵和粤港澳大湾区发展大局的内在要求,应予以肯定。

The guarantee of rules and legal system are necessary for the systemic innovation in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.Due to the principle of“one country,two systems”,the rules in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area should be made by the means of coordination among the legal systems.Taking the legal system of foreign investment as an example,there are three paths for the rules coordination in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.The first path is the self-reform in domestic law.By promulgating Foreign Investment Law of the People's Republic of China,which is with“pre-entry national treatment plus a negative list”as the core system,the gap among the investment systems in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is significantly reduced.The second path is interregional coordination.The Mainland have signed the CEPA Investment Agreement with Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Region(SAR)respectively,which have the effect of unifying investment protection rules.As Foreign Investment Law of the People's Republic of China has been implemented,the interregional coordination should keep pace with the times.The third path is the coordinated and unified application of sino-foreign international agreements in Hong Kong and Macao SAR.The application of sino-foreign BITs(bilateral investment treaties)in Hong Kong and Macao SAR is in conformity with the era connotation of the principle of“one country,two systems”and the internal requirements of the development of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,and thus should be affirmed.