大数据时代被遗忘权的合法性证成

The Justification of Legitimacy of the Right to be Forgotten in the Era of Big Data

被遗忘权在合法性证成上面临着权利正当性基础、权利实现可能性、与其他权利的利益冲突三重诘难。被遗忘权的合法性证成应着力构建层层递进的三阶论证体系。被遗忘权正当性基础的论证应着重考量其意欲守护的价值是否拥有足够的分量去要求重构既有的权利格局。被遗忘权的提出,试图克制信息的过度保存和利用,竭力维护人格尊严和人格利益,具备法定化的正当性基础。被遗忘权的内容设定有助于实现其权利目的,具备实现可能性。被遗忘权与言论自由权、公众知情权之间既存在利益冲突,也有相互促进的一面,其根本原因在于个人信息兼有个人性与公共性的二维属性,因此,对被遗忘权的保护不是绝对的,而是基于与其他权利衡平的结果。

The justification of legitimacy of the right to be forgotten is confronted with three problems:the justification of the right,the possibility to realize the right,and the conflict of the interests between the right to be forgotten and other rights.The justification of legitimacy of the right to be forgotten should focus on building a progressive,three-stage system of argument.And the argument of the justification of the right to be forgotten should focus on considering whether the value it intends to protect has sufficient weight to demand a reconfiguration of the established pattern of rights.The proposal of the right to be forgotten tries to restrain the excessive preservation and use of personal data,and safeguard personal dignity and personal interests,so it has the justification foundation of legalization.The content settings of the right to be forgotten is conducive to the realization of its purpose and has the possibility of realization.Due to the fact that the nature of personal data combines individuality and publicity,there is both conflict of interest and mutual promotion between the right to be forgotten,the freedom of speech and the public's right to know.Therefore,the protection of the right to be forgotten is not absolute,but is based on the equity with other rights.