不同添加剂对聚氨酯泡沫材料阻燃性能的影响

Effects of Different Additives on Flame Retardant Performanceof Polyurethane Foam

为研究不同添加剂对聚氨酯泡沫材料阻燃性能的影响,对磷酸、硼酸、杨梅单宁阻燃剂3种添加剂处理后的聚氨酯泡沫材料与标准样分别测定氧指数、热值、烟密度等级和热稳定性,并以层次分析法评价阻燃性能优劣。结果表明:4种材料PUF STD、PUF PA、PUF BA、PUF FR的OI、CV依次分别为34.71%、38.59%、35.88%、37.86%,17.4023、16.7037、15.3197、15.0397kJ/g,燃烧时均少烟,热稳定性排序为:TS PA>TS STD>TS FR>TS BA;采用层次分析法分析3种添加剂对聚氨酯泡沫材料阻燃性能的影响顺序由优到劣为:PUF PA>PUF FR>PUF BA>PUF STD。该结论可为聚氨酯材料阻燃添加剂的选择提供参考方向。

In order to study the influence of different additives on the flame retardant performance of polyurethane foam materials,the oxygen index,calorific value,smoke density rank and thermal stability were measured for the polyurethane foam materials treated with three additives of phosphoric acid,boric acid and poplar tannin flame retardant and the standard samples respectively,and the advantages and disadvantages of flame retardant performance were evaluated by hierarchical analysis.The results showed that the OI and CV of the four materials,such as PUF STD,PUF PA,PUF BA,PUF FR were 34.71%,38.59%,35.88%,37.86%,17.4023,16.703715.3197,15.0397kJ/g and less smoke when burning,and the thermal stability rank sequence was TS PA>TS STD>TS FR>TS BA.The influence rank sequence was PUF PA>PUF FR>PUF BA>PUF STD from advantage to disadvantage using the hierarchical analysis method to analyze the influence of three additives on the flame retardant properties of polyurethane foam materials.The conclusion can provide a reference direction for the selection of flame retardant additives for polyurethane materials.