微创Supercap入路半髋关节置换术与全髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折效果对比研究

Comparison of the effect of minimally invasive Supercap approach for hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty in treatment of elderly femoral neck fractures

目的:比较微创Supercap入路半髋关节置换术与全髋关节置换术在老年股骨颈骨折治疗方面的效果。方法:按照随机数字法将90例老年股骨颈骨折患者分为研究组和对照组,每组45例。研究组采用微创Supercap入路半髋关节置换术,对照组则采用全髋关节置换术。比较两组术中指标(手术时间、术中失血量及切口长度),手术前后髋关节功能(Harris评分)、起立-行走测试(TUG)结果、视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、术后生活质量量表(SF-36)评分。结果:研究组手术时间、术中失血量及切口长度均优于对照组(均P<0.05)。两组患者手术前后Harris评分比较均无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。两组患者于术后1周、2周、1个月、2个月进行TUG测定,结果组内及组间比较均有统计学差异(均P<0.05)。两组患者于术前及术后1周、2周、1个月、2个月进行VAS评分,结果组内及组间比较均有统计学差异(均P<0.05)。两组患者于术前及术后6个月、1年进行SF-36评分,结果组内与组间比较均有统计学差异(均P<0.05)。结论:在老年股骨颈骨折患者的治疗中,微创Supercap入路半髋节置换术相对于传统全髋关节置换术,手术操作时间明显缩短,切口长度较短,术中失血量较少,疼痛较轻,可有效促进髋关节功能的恢复,提高患者生活质量。

Objective:To compare the effect of minimally invasive Supercap approach for hemiarthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty in the treatment of elderly femoral neck fracture.Methods:According to the random number method,90 elderly patients with femoral neck fracture were divided into study group and control group,with 45 cases in each group.The study group used minimally invasive Supercap approach for hemiarthroplasty,and the control group used total hip replacement.Comparison of intraoperative indicators(operation time,intraoperative blood loss,and incision length),hip function(Harris score),standing-walking test(TUG)results,visual analog scale(VAS)score before and after surgery,and postoperative SF-36 score were compared between the two groups.Results:The operation time,intraoperative blood loss and incision length in the study group were better than those in the control group(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in Harris scores before and after surgery between the two groups(all P>0.05).The two groups of patients underwent TUG measurement at 1 week,2 weeks,1 month,and 2 months after operation,and the results were statistically different within and between groups(all P<0.05).The two groups of patients underwent VAS scores before and 1 week,2 weeks,1 month,and 2 months after operation,and the results were statistically different within and between groups(all P<0.05).The two groups of patients were scored by SF-36 before and 6 months,1 year after operation,and the results were statistically different within and between groups(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Compared with traditional total hip arthroplasty,the minimally invasive Supercap approach for hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of elderly patients with femoral neck fractures has significantly shorter operation time,smaller incision length,less intraoperative blood loss,and less pain,which can effectively promote the recovery of hip joint function and improve the quality of life of patients.