microRNA在胃癌中的研究进展

Research progress of microRNA in gastric cancer

microRNA(miRNA)是一类广泛存在于生物体内的单链非编码RNA,可在基因转录后水平调控不同基因的表达。越来越多的证据表明,miRNA在多种恶性肿瘤中存在异常表达,对肿瘤的发生至关重要。本文就近年胃癌相关miRNA的最新研究作一概述,介绍miRNA的生物学特性及其在胃癌中的表达失调情况,总结miRNA作为癌基因或抑癌基因在胃癌发生发展中的作用及相关分子调控机制,并讨论miRNA作为胃癌诊断、预后标志物、治疗靶点的价值,以期为胃癌的临床诊疗提供新的思路。

microRNA(miRNA)is a type of single-stranded non-coding RNA widely present in organisms,which can regulate the expression of different genes at the post-transcriptional level.Accumulating evidence indicates that miRNA is aberrantly expressed in a variety of cancers and crucial to tumorigenesis.This article provided a brief review of the latest research on miRNA about gastric cancer in recent years,introduced the biological characteristics of miRNA and its misregulation of expression,summarized the role of miRNA as an oncogene or tumor suppressor gene in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer and the related molecular regulatory mechanisms,and discussed the value of miRNA as a diagnostic,prognostic marker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer,in order to provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment.