保护性动机理论护理干预在中青年脑卒中疾病自我管理中的应用

Application of protective motivation theory nursing intervention in self-management of young and middle-aged stroke diseases

目的探讨保护性动机理论护理干预在中青年脑卒中疾病自我管理中的临床应用价值。方法选择2019年3月~2020年5月沈阳市第一人民医院收治的80例中青年急性缺血性脑卒中患者,按照随机数字表法分为两组,每组各40例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施基于保护性动机理论的护理干预模式,比较两组干预后的不良生活习惯(吸烟、酗酒、熬夜及高脂饮食)存在情况及疾病自我管理能力评分;比较两组住院时间和出院时生活质量。结果干预后观察组仍存在吸烟、酗酒、熬夜及高脂饮食等不良生活习惯的比例低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),干预后,观察组的疾病自我管理能力评分中日常生活自理、症状自我处理、药物自我处理、心理自我调节能力和社会交往生活能力得分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组的住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05),出院时生活质量各项得分及总分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对中青年缺血性脑卒中患者,实施基于保护性动机理论的护理干预模式,能更好地改变患者不良生活习惯,提高患者疾病自我管理能力,缩短住院时间,改善生活质量。

Objective To explore the application value of nursing intervention based on protective motivation theory in self-management with young and middle-aged stroke diseases.Methods A total of 80 cases with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)admitted to Shenyang First People′s Hospital,Liaoning Province from March 2019 to May 2020 were selected and divided into two groups,40 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nursing,the observation group was given nursing intervention mode based on protective motivation theory,then the bad living habits(smoking,alcoholism staying up late and high-fatdiet)after intervention and the scores of disease self-management ability between the two groups before and after intervention were compared,the length of stay and life quality at discharge were compared.Results After intervention,the percentages of unhealthy living habits such as smoking,alcoholism,staying up late and high-fat diet in the observation group were lower than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),the scores of self-care,symptom self-treatment,drug self-treatment,psychological self-regulation and social intercourse ability in the observation group were higher than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The duration of hospitalization in observation group was shorter than that in the control group,the scores and total scores of quality of life at discharge were higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The nursing intervention model based on the theory of protective motivation can better change patients′bad living habits,improve disease self-management ability and shorten hospitalization time and improve life quality.