农村改革第一次政策突破

A Study on the First Policy Breakthrough in Rural Reform

中国农村改革的基础与核心是家庭联产承包责任制。家庭联产承包责任制从初露端倪到全面确立,经历了两次政策突破:第一次是从明确规定“不许包产到户”到允许特别贫困地区可以包产到户;第二次是明确规定包产到户(包干到户)可以由农民自主选择,不再限制在特定贫困地区。本文力图全景式展现第一次政策突破的决策过程,认为农村改革重大政策突破的发生,是因为地方获得政策创新的自主空间,农民力量得到充分展示,这是农村改革成功的基本逻辑所在。

The foundation and core of China's rural reform is the household contract responsibility system.From the initial appearance of the household contract responsibility system to its full establishment,it has experienced two policy breakthroughs:the first was from clearly stipulating that“no contracting of production to households”was allowed to allowing particularly poor areas to be contracted to households;the second was to clearly stipulate the household contract for production(contract household)can be chosen by farmers independently and was no longer restricted to specific poor areas.This article attempts to show the decision-making process of the first policy breakthrough in a panoramic view.This article maintains that the major policy breakthroughs in rural reform occurred because localities obtained independent space for policy innovation and farmers'power was fully demonstrated.This is the basic logic behind the success of rural reform.