超声在头颈部肿瘤放疗后颈动脉损伤评估的临床应用研究

Clinical study on ultrasound in the evaluation of carotid artery stenosis after radiotherapy for head and neck tumors

目的探讨超声检查在头颈部肿瘤放疗后颈动脉损伤评估中的应用价值。方法选取60例头颈部肿瘤接受放疗后患者为病例组,同期选取54例新确诊头颈部肿瘤未作任何治疗的患者为对照组。超声测量2组患者颈动脉内-中膜(IMT)厚度,观察有无斑块、管腔狭窄程度或有无闭塞,对2组数据进行比较分析。结果病例组IMT值高于对照组,2组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);病例组内动脉斑块阳性率为53.3%,高于对照组(16.7%),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);病例组管腔狭窄及闭塞的发生率均高于对照组,2组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论头颈部肿瘤患者放疗后可造成颈动脉损伤,彩色多普勒超声可作为头颈部肿瘤患者放疗后颈动脉损伤的检查方法。

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound in the assessment of carotid artery injury after the radiotherapy for the patients with head and neck tumors.Methods 60 patients with head and neck tumors who received radiotherapy for more than 3 years were selected as the case group,while 54 patients with newly diagnosed head and neck tumor who had not been treated with radiotherapy were selected as the control group.The carotid artery diameter and intima-media thickness(IMT)of the two groups were measured.The presence or absence of plaque and the stenosis or occlusion of arterial lumen was observed.Statistic software was used to compare and analyze the data of the two groups.Results The IMT value of the case group was higher than that of the control group,and there was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).The incidence of carotid arterial plaque in case group was 53.3%,it was higher than that of the control group(16.7%),and there was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).The incidence of lumen stenosis and occlusion in the case group was higher than that in the control group,and there was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Radiation therapy in patients with head and neck tumor can lead to carotid injury.Ultrasound examination can be used as a method to detect the carotid injury for the patients with head and neck tumor after radiation therapy.