冗余否定构式“别不是”:句法、语义和认知

The Syntactic and Semantic Features of the Redundant Negative Construction"Bie Bu Shi"and Its Cognitive Mechanism

文章基于真实语料分析了冗余否定构式“别不是”的构式地位、句法特征、语义特征及其形成的认知机制。研究发现:“别不是”是一个独立构式;该构式后常跟动词(短语)、名词(短语)、形容词和小句等成分;“别不是”并非双重否定结构,而是一个表达揣测义的构式,所揣测的事情或状态通常是与主观预期相反的;该构式由具有共同语义基础的“别是”和“不是”在概念叠加基础上经过构式整合而成。文章还对比分析了构式“别不是”和“别是”,发现二者都可表揣测义,但在语义和语用上存在显著差异。“别不是”中的“不”是一个主观量标记,它传递了说话人强烈的主观性。

Based on the authentic data,this study analyzes the construction status,syntactic features,semantic features and cognitive mechanism of the redundant negative construction"bie bu shi".It is found that"bie bu shi"is an independent construction which usually collocates with verbs(phrases),nouns(phrases),adjectives,clauses and other components."Bie bu shi"is not a double negative structure,but a construction that conveys the meaning of speculation.The things or states that are speculated tend to be contrary to subjective expectations.The analysis demonstrates that the construction is formed based on conceptual superimposition and construction blending,in which"bie shi"and"bu shi"have a common semantic basis.This study also compares the construction"bie bu shi"and the construction"bie shi"and concludes that both constructions have the meaning of speculation,but they display significant differences in semantic and pragmatic meaning."Bu"in"bie bu shi"is a subjective marker that conveys the speaker's strong subjectivity.