养老院护理员健康素养现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of current status and influencing factors of health literacy of nursing staff in nursing homes

目的调查天津市养老院护理员健康素养现状,分析其影响因素,为提高养老护理员健康素养水平提供理论依据。方法于2019年11月—2020年1月便利抽取天津市4所养老院的护理员,采用2015年全国居民健康素养监测问卷调查。根据调查结果进行分组,将得分达到总分80%的护理员纳入健康素养具备组(82例),其他纳入健康素养不具备组(147例)。结果养老院护理员总体健康素养具备率为35.8%;基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为和基本技能素养分别为48.0%、34.5%和31.4%。单因素分析显示,两组护理员年龄、民族、文化程度、婚姻状况、有无慢性病方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归结果显示,年龄(OR=0.246)、文化程度(OR=2.221)、民族(OR=0.067)、婚姻状况(OR=0.102)和有无慢性病(OR=4.635)是护理员健康素养的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论养老院护理员健康素养总体水平较低,管理者应采取针对性干预措施提高健康素养水平,进而提高养老服务质量。

Objective To investigate the current health literacy status of nursing staff in Tianjin nursing homes,to analyze its influencing factors,and to provide a theoretical basis for improving the health literacy level of nursing staff.Methods From November 2019 to January 2020,facilitate the selection of caregivers from four nursing homes in Tianjin,the 2015 National Resident Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire was used.According to the survey results,the caregivers who scored 80%of the total score were included in the health literacy group(82 cases),and the others were included in the health literacy group(147 cases).Results The overall health literacy possession rate of nursing home nurses was 35.8%;basic knowledge and concepts,healthy lifestyle and behavior,and basic skills literacy were 48.0%,34.5%,and 31.4%,respectively.Univariate analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups of caregivers in terms of age,ethnicity,education level,marital status and the presence or absence of chronic diseases(P<0.05).The logistic regression results showed that age(OR=0.246),educational level(OR=2.221),ethnicity(OR=0.067),marital status(OR=0.102)and the presence or absence of chronic diseases(OR=4.635)were influencing factors of health literacy of nurses(P<0.05).Conclusion The overall level of health literacy of nursing staff in nursing homes is low,and managers should take targeted intervention measures to improve their health literacy levels,thereby improving the quality of elderly care services.