新型冠状病毒肺炎并发神经系统疾病的研究现状及进展

Research Status and Progress of COVID-19 Complicated by Nervous System Diseases

新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称"新冠肺炎")是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2)感染引起的一种新的高传染性疾病,目前已引发全球大流行。虽然由SARS-CoV-2引起的新冠肺炎主要作用于呼吸系统,但对神经系统亦可造成侵犯,表现出嗜神经性。重要的是,神经系统的受累可能与患者预后不良和疾病恶化有关。然而,这些SARS-CoV-2神经侵袭性的病理生理学机制尚不清楚,因此探索SARS-CoV-2感染对神经系统的影响意义重大,本文对SARS-CoV-2感染引起神经系统并发症和神经系统损伤的可能机制进行综述,以利于新冠肺炎患者的早期识别、干预以及促进患者的康复。

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a highly infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection.Although the virus mainly targets the respiratory system of humans,it also shows neurotropism and can invade the nervous system.Importantly,the involvement of the nervous system may be related to the poor prognosis and disease progression of patients.However,pathophysiological mechanisms of the neuroinvasive nature of SARS-CoV-2 are unclear.It is of great significance to explore the impact of the viral infection on the nervous system.Herein,possible mechanisms of nervous system complications and damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection are reviewed,so as to facilitate the early identification,treatment and rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19.