“以正合,以奇胜”?政策不确定性认知下的企业创新决策

The Innovation Decision of Enterprises under The Cognition of Policy Uncertainty:“To Engage it by Conventional Way and To Win a Victory through Unusual Means”

基于世界银行中国企业调查数据,从资源获取和信号传递的视角出发,构建了中国本土情境下的微观企业层面政策不确定性认知人—境交互的创新决策模型,将管理层与企业内部情境中的股东和员工纳入同一研究框架,探讨了政策不确定性认知对企业探索式创新的影响作用机制,分别考察了股权集中度和员工合作度对政策不确定性认知与探索式创新之间的调节效应,并在此基础上进一步探讨了股权集中度与员工合作度的联合调节效应。结果表明:(1)政策不确定性认知显著促进了企业探索式创新;(2)股权集中度对政策不确定性认知与探索式创新之间存在正向调节作用;(3)在员工合作度高的情境下,政策不确定性认知对企业探索式创新的促进作用更大;(4)股权集中度对政策不确定性认知和企业探索式创新的调节作用还依赖于员工的合作程度。

China is in an important stage of economic transformation system reform,the frequent introduction of policies to improve the uncertainty of macro policies,has caused extensive concern in the academic and business circles.However,existing studies pay more attention to the impact of policy uncertainty on investment decisions of enterprises,and to some extent ignore that the different impacts of policy uncertainty in the internal context of enterprises will also affect innovation decisions.In addition,the management’s subjective cognition of the objective policy environment should be the first factor influencing the innovation decision of the enterprise.Therefore,the characteristics of the enterprise decision maker should also be an important consideration factor.Based on World Bank survey data of enterprise in China,this paper,from the perspective of the resource acquisition and signal transmission,constructed an innovative decision-making model of human-environment interaction under the cognition of policy uncertainty based on the micro enterprise level in the local context of China,brought management,shareholders and employees in the context of an enterprise into the same research framework,discussed the influence mechanism of the policy uncertainty cognition on exploratory innovation,respectively investigated the moderating effects of ownership concentration and employee cooperation on policy uncertainty cognition and exploratory innovation,and on this basis,further discussed the joint regulating effect of ownership concentration and employee cooperation.The research result indicated that policy uncertainty cognition significantly promoted the exploratory innovation.Ownership concentration had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between policy uncertainty cognition and exploratory innovation.In the context of high degree of employee cooperation,policy uncertainty cognition played a greater role in promoting exploratory innovation.The moderating effect of ownership concentration on the relationship between policy uncertainty cognition and exploratory innovation of enterprises also depended on the degree of cooperation of employees.The conclusion of this study provided a systematic theoretical logic for how the cognition of policy uncertainty of enterprise management promotes the innovation decision of exploratory innovation behavior in the context of external policy environment uncertainty,and how different situational factors within the enterprise affect this relationship.In the highly uncertain policy environment,the decision-makers of enterprises should adopt a positive innovative attitude to carry out exploratory innovation,and make different innovative decisions according to the different internal situations and their own conditions.