中小学教师工作压力对心理生活质量的影响:心理弹性、自尊的中介作用

Influence of occupational stress of primary and secondary schools teachers on quality of mental life:The mediating effect of psychological resilience and self-esteem

目的:为了解中小学教师心理生活质量的现状,探讨心理弹性与自尊在工作压力对心理生活质量影响的中介作用机制。方法:本研究采用“中小学教师工作压力问卷”“心理生活质量问卷”以及“教师心理弹性问卷”“自尊量表”对广东省663名中小学教师实施调查。结果:①中小学教师心理生活质量总体水平较高(x=3.79);②中小学教师工作压力、心理弹性、自尊和心理生活质量两两相关显著(P<0.05);③中小学教师工作压力能显著负向预测心理弹性(t=-2.53,P<0.05)、心理生活质量(t=-3.44,P<0.001);心理弹性能显著正向预测自尊(t=14.14,P<0.001)、心理生活质量(t=9.37,P<0.001);自尊能显著正向预测心理生活质量(t=17.85,P<0.001)。结论:心理弹性与自尊在工作压力对中小学教师心理生活质量影响间的链式中介作用成立。工作压力不仅是影响心理生活质量的重要因素,而且工作压力能通过心理弹性和自尊对心理生活质量产生间接影响。

Objective:To further comprehend the current situation of teachers'occupational stress and quality of mental life in primary and secondary schools,and explore the mediating mechanism of psychological resilience and self-esteem in the influence of occupational stress on mental quality of life.Methods:A total of 663primary and secondary school teachers in Guangdong province were investigated by using“occupational stress questionnaire”,“quality of mental life questionnaire”,“psychological resilience questionnaire”and“self-esteem scale”.Results:①The total and dimensional mean values of mental life quality of primary and secondary school teachers was good(x=3.79).②There were significant correlations between the occupational stress,psychological resilience,self-esteem and quality of mental life scores and some dimensions of primary and secondary school teachers(P<0.05).③Occupational stress could significantly negatively psychological predict resilience(t=-2.53,P<0.05)and quality of psychological life(t=-3.44,P<0.001);Psychological resilience could significantly positively predict self-esteem(t=14.14,P<0.001)and quality of psychological life(t=9.37,P<0.001);Self esteem could significantly positively predict psychological life quality(t=17.85 P<0.001).Conclusion:The occupational stress of primary and secondary school teachers can affect their quality of mental life through the chain mediation of psychological resilience and self-esteem.Occupational stress is not only an important factor affecting the quality of psychological life,but also has an indirect impact on the quality of psychological life through psychological resilience and self-esteem.