综合医院聘用制护理人员职业倦怠及相关因素

Job burnout and related factors of nurses employed in general hospital

目的:探讨综合医院聘用制护理人员职业倦怠及其相关影响因素。方法:运用李永鑫编制的职业倦怠问卷、艾森克个性问卷、简易应对方式问卷、领悟社会支持量表对342名综合医院聘用制护理人员进行问卷调查。结果:综合医院聘用制护理人员职业倦怠总检出率为54.57%,轻、中、重度比率分别是26.21%、18.15%、10.21%。情感耗竭评分中,大专及以下文化程度的显著高于本科及以上的护理人员(t=2.024,P<0.05)。个人成就感减低的评分中,年龄≥30岁的显著低于年龄<30岁(t=-2.132,P<0.05)。去个性化评分中,离异及未婚显著高于已婚的(t=-2.129,P<0.05)。情感耗竭维度,神经质有显著的正向预测作用(β=0.323),积极应对有显著的负向预测作用(β=-0.185)。去个性化维度,精神质、消极应对有显著的正向预测作用(β=0.176,0.167),家庭支持有显著的负向预测作用(β=-0.182)。个人成就感减低维度,积极应对有正向预测作用(β=0.147)。结论:综合医院聘用制护理人员职业倦怠的情况不容忽视,人格因素,应对方式及社会支持一定程度上可以预测聘用制护理人员的职业倦怠。

Objective:To explore the job burnout and related influencing factors of employed nurses in General Hospital.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted on 342employed nurses by Li Yongxin's job burnout questionnaire,Eysenck personality questionnaire,simple coping style questionnaire,and comprehension social support scale.Results:The total detection rate of occupational burnout of employed nurses in general hospital was 54.57%,and the ratios of light,moderate and severe were 26.21%,18.15%and 10.21%respectively.In the emotional exhaustion scores,nursing staff with college education and below were significantly higher than those with undergraduate education and above(t=2.024,P<0.05).In the scores of personal achievement reduction,the age≥30years was significantly lower than the age<30years(t=-2.132,P<0.05).In the depersonalization score,divorce and unmarried were significantly higher than those who were married(t=-2.129,P<0.05).In the dimension of emotional exhaustion,neuroticism had a significantly positive predictive effect(β=0.323),and active response to emotional exhaustion had a significantly negative predictive effect(β=-0.185).In the depersonalization dimension,mental quality and negative coping had significantly positive predictive effect on depersonalization(β=0.176,0.167),and family support had a significantly negative predictive effect on depersonalization(β=-0.182).The dimension of personal accomplishment reduction,and actively responds had positive prediction of the reduction of personal accomplishment(β=0.147).Conclusion:The status of job burnout of nursing staff employed in general hospital cannot be ignored.Personality factors,coping styles and social support can predict the burnout of employed nursing staff to a certain extent.