留守经历大学新生心理健康状况

Investigation on mental health status of college freshman with left-behind experience

目的:研究留守经历大学新生心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法:采用大学生心理健康普查问卷,自编基本信息量表对3437名大学新生进行调查。结果:大学生心理健康普查问卷内部一致性系数为0.908,主成分因子分析KMO值为0.948。留守经历、流动经历与一般大学生心理健康总分差异显著(F=43.55,P<0.01)。留守经历大学新生心理健康量表总分在成长经历方面差异显著,在性别、户籍、民族以及独生与否方面,差异均不显著。家庭氛围、留守期间联系频率、主观评价留守经历影响程度与心理健康总分之间显著相关,多重线性回归分析得出一个有效的二元线性回归方程:Y=1.767+0.251X1+0.382X3。结论:①大学生心理健康普查问卷具有较好的信度和效度;②留守经历大学新生心理健康需多加关注,尤其是成长经历异常学生;③通过营造良好的家庭氛围,调整对留守经历本身的主观认知,有利于提升留守经历大学新生的心理健康水平。

Objective:To study the mental health status of the left behind freshmen and its influence factors.Methods:A total of 3437freshmen were investigated with the questionnaire of mental health survey and the basic information scale.Results:The internal consistency coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.908,and the KMO value of the principal component factor analysis was 0.948.There was a significant difference in the total scores of mental health among the left behind freshman,migrant freshman and general college freshman(F=43.55,P<0.01).There were significant differences in the total score of the mental health scale of left behind university freshmen in terms of growth experience(P<0.01),but no significant differences in gender,household registration,ethnicity and the only child or not(P>0.05).Family atmosphere,contact frequency during the stay-behind period,and the subjective cognition of the influence degree of left behind experience were significantly related to the total score of mental health(P<0.01).Through multiple linear regression analysis,an effective binary linear regression equation was obtained:Y=1.767+0.251×1+0.382×3.Conclusion:①The questionnaire has good reliability and validity;②More attention should be paid to the mental health of the left behind freshmen,especially the students with abnormal growth experience;③It is helpful to improve the mental health level of the left behind freshmen by constructing agood family atmosphere and adjusting their subjective cognition of the left behind experience.