海军航空兵某部保障官兵焦虑情绪影响因素及其路径

Path analysis of the influential factors of anxiety in the naval air force

目的:探讨海军航空兵焦虑情绪的影响因素及其中介变量。方法:从海军航空兵某部保障官兵全体在位人员中采取整群抽样法共抽取1311人,应用卡特尔16种因素人格测试(16PF)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、睡眠状况自评量表(SRSS)、自动思维问卷(ATQ)和自制应激事件调查表对其进行测评,通过描述性统计分析、独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、双变量Pearson相关分析及多元线性逐步回归等方法,筛选官兵的焦虑情绪影响因素并做路径分析。结果:测评官兵的整体焦虑情绪状况和国内成人常模并无明显差异(t=-0.373,P>0.05)。其中,受教育程度高者SAS粗分明显更低(t=2.26,P<0.05),且适应与焦虑型人格得分与SAS粗分呈明显负相关(r=-0.384,P<0.01),说明受教育程度高和适应与焦虑型人格是焦虑情绪的保护因素。而SRSS得分与SAS粗分呈明显正相关(r=0.540,P<0.01)、应激事件总分与SAS粗分呈明显正相关(r=0.517,P<0.01),心理健康因素得分与SAS粗分呈显著正相关(r=0.314,P<0.01),且ATQ总分与SAS粗分亦呈明显正相关(r=0.543,P<0.01),说明睡眠不佳、高应激水平、心理健康因素得分偏高和负性自动思维是焦虑情绪的危险因素。路径分析显示父母健康通过睡眠状况的中介作用导致焦虑情绪,部队烦恼、身体健康和战友矛盾及心理健康因素通过负性自动思维的中介作用导致焦虑情绪。结论:负性自动思维和睡眠状况是心理健康因素、父母健康、部队烦恼、身体健康和战友矛盾等因素引发海军航空兵某部保障官兵焦虑情绪的中介变量。

Objective: To explore the influential factors of anxiety and its mediating variables in the naval air force.Methods: A total of 1311 participants from the naval air force were chosen by cluster sampling and investigated with Cattell’s 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire(16 PF),Zung’s Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-Rating Scale of Sleep(SRSS),Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire(ATQ)and a stress event questionnaire designed by authors.And the acquired data were analyzed by t-test,Anova,bivariate Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression to get the influential factors of anxiety,finally,path analysis was used to analyze the influential factors.Results:Generally,there was no obvious difference of overall anxiety between the naval air force and the national norm(P>0.05).And those with high educational level significantly got lower scores in SAS(t=2.26,P<0.05),meanwhile,anxiety personality was obviously negatively correlated with raw scores in SAS(r=-0.384,P<0.01),which meant high educational level and anxiety personality were protective factors of anxiety.But scores in SRSS were positively correlated with scores in SAS(r=0.540,P<0.01),besides,scores in a stress event questionnaire were positively correlated with scores in SAS(r=0.517,P<0.01),and scores of mental health factors were positively correlated with scores in SAS(r=0.314,P<0.01),what’s more,scores in ATQ were also positively correlated with scores in SAS(r=0.551,P<0.01),which meant that poor sleep,stress,high scores of mental health factors and negative automatic thoughts were dangerous factors of anxiety.The path analysis showed that parental health influenced anxiety by the mediating effects of sleep,and army life troubles,physical well-being and conflicts between comrades in arms as well as mental health factors all influenced anxiety by the mediating effects of negative automatic thoughts.Conclusion:Negative automatic thoughts and sleep are the mediating factors between the mental health factors,parental health,army life troubles,physical well-being,conflicts between comrades in arms and anxiety in the naval air force.