电针对产后宫缩痛及子宫复旧的影响:随机对照研究

Effect of electroacupuncture on postpartum uterine contraction pain and uterine involution: a randomized controlled trial

目的:观察电针对产后宫缩痛的镇痛作用及对产后子宫复旧的影响。方法:将80例产后宫缩痛患者随机分为观察组和对照组,各40例。观察组进行电针治疗,选取大赫、中注、合谷、血海等穴,每天1次,3 d为一疗程,疗程间间隔1 d,共治疗2个疗程。对照组口服新生化片治疗,每次4片,每天3次,共治疗7 d。比较两组治疗前,治疗24、48、72h及治疗后宫缩痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分;治疗前后宫腔积血最大前后径、积血面积、宫底脐间距、子宫三径和;记录两组宫缩痛消失所需治疗天数。结果:两组治疗24、48、72 h及治疗后VAS评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且观察组治疗各时间点VAS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者宫腔积血最大前后径及面积、子宫三径和均较治疗前减小(P<0.05),宫底脐间距较治疗前增大(P<0.05),且观察组患者上述指标均优于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组宫缩痛消失所需治疗天数短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:电针可有效缓解产后宫缩痛,并能加快宫腔内残留积血排出、促进产后子宫复旧。

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture on postpartum uterine contraction pain and uterine involution. Methods A total of 80 patients with postpartum uterine contraction pain were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with electroacupuncture at Dahe(KI 12), Zhongzhu(KI 15), Hegu(LI 4), Xuehai(SP 10), etc. for 30 min, once a day, 3 days were as one course, and 2 courses with 1-day interval were required. The control group was treated with oral Xinshenghua tablet, 4 tablets each time, 3 times a day for 7 days. Before treatment, 24, 48, 72 h into treatment and after treatment, the visual analogue scale(VAS) score was observed;the maximum anteroposterior diameter of uterine hemorrhage, the area of hemorrhage, the space between uterus fundus and umbilical cord, and the summation of three diameters of uterus before and after treatment were compared, and the time of postpartum uterine contraction pain disappeared was recorded in the two groups. Results Compared before treatment, the VAS scores of 24, 48, 72 h into treatment and after treatment were decreased in both groups(P<0.05), and those in the observation group were lower than the control group(P<0.05). Compared before treatment, the maximum anteroposterior diameter of uterine hemorrhage, the area of hemorrhage and the summation of three diameters of uterus after treatment were decreased(P<0.05), the space between uterus fundus and umbilical cord was increased in both groups(P<0.05), and those in the observation group were superior to the control group(P<0.05). The number of days required to treat the uterine contraction pain in the observation group was shorter than the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture can effectively relieve postpartum uterine contraction pain, accelerate the discharge of residual uterine hemorrhage in the uterine cavity, and promote uterine involution.