基于单点激光检测的枪弹弹头快速匹配系统

A Bullets Fast Matching System Based on Single Point Laser Detection

枪弹弹头膛线痕迹具有不易破坏、难以伪装、唯一性和鉴定价值高等特点,其对于枪支批量建档、确定作案枪支等均具有十分重要的意义。针对基于显微镜检测、分段照相的传统弹头膛线痕迹匹配方法存在耗时长、效率低、受主观因素影响大,无法进行量化分析的缺点,设计一种基于单点激光检测的枪弹弹头快速匹配系统。该系统对弹头进行圆心位置和圆柱轴线的自适应调整,利用激光位移传感器对枪弹弹头表面膛线痕迹沿圆周方向进行360°环绕检测,多次检测数据叠加并利用广义形态滤波将检测数据进行降噪处理后,再利用皮尔逊相关系数进行痕迹相似度匹配计算,实现弹头痕迹快速匹配。实验结果表明,弹头快速匹配系统具有检测精度高、匹配速度快、对弹头表面纹理无破坏等优点,既可用于弹头之间的一对一数据匹配,也可用于一对多数据匹配,可以有效应用于枪支批量建档和确定作案枪支的作业中。

The traces of bullets rifling are not easy to be destroyed,difficult to be disguised and unique,and have good identification value.The traces are of great significance to create batch firearms file and determinate the guns for crime.For the disadvantages existing in traditional microscope inspection,segmented photography and other methods,such as time-consuming,low efficiency,great influence of subjective factors on trace detection,and more difficult quantitative analysis,a fast matching system for bullets based on single-point laser detection was designed.The system adaptively adjusts the center position of bullet and the cylindrical axis,and a laser displacement sensor is then used to detect the rifling traces on the surface of bullet along the circumference.After multiple detection data are superimposed,the generalized morphological filtering is used for noise reduction of detection data,and then the matching of trace similarity is calculated using Pearson correlation coefficient,eventually achieving the fast matching of bullets.The experimental results show that the rapid matching system has the advantages of high detection accuracy,fast matching speed and no damage to the surface texture of bullets.It can be used for one-to-one data matching between bullets,and one-to-many data matching.It can be effectively applied to the batch filing of guns and the determination of guns for committing crimes.