网络欺凌中的群体动力与身份异化

Group dynamics and identity alienation in cyber bullying

网络欺凌是个人或群体借助互联网,通过电脑、移动终端等对受害者实施的有目的性、重复性、暴力性并在客观上造成伤害的行为。近年来,群体性网络欺凌呈现出跨时空、跨媒体、跨圈层泛滥的趋势:一方面,“恶评党”“黑粉”“键盘侠”“祖安”等网络族群表现出非理性的攻击和聚集性的欺凌,屡屡造成网络暴力舆情;另一方面,青少年在消费网络文化产品和使用社交媒体时所遭遇到的群体性网络欺凌现象愈加常见,成为全球互联网研究和青年研究的热点。群体性网络欺凌中所彰显的群体动力、欺凌者身份异化和道德推脱解释了中国互联网环境中网暴现象的发生、衍变与传播,也为未来的网络安全、监管与网络素养教育敲响了警钟。

Cyber bullying is a purposeful,repetitive,violent behavior causing harm objectively which performed by individual or group to harm the victim through computers and mobile terminals on the Internet.In recent years,the group cyber bullying has shown a trend of spreading across time and space,across media,and across communities.On one hand,the internet groups such as“evil criticism party”,“anti-fans”,“keyboard warrior”,“cursing culture community”and other cyber groups have shown irrational attacks and collective bullying,which often lead to violent online public opinion;on the other hand,the phenomenon of group cyber bullying encountered by teenagers as they consume online cultural products and use social media has become more and more common,which nowadays has become a hot topic of internet research and youth research globally.The group motivation,identity alienation and moral evasion in group cyber bullying explain the occurrence,evolution and spread of cyber violence in China’s Internet environment,and also ring an alarm for the future cyber security,supervision and cyber literacy education.