孟子性善论与荀子性恶论比较研究

A Comparative Study of Mencius’Theory of Good Human Nature and Xunzi's Theory of Evil Human Nature

人性论所探讨的是人的本质的问题。这一直是先秦时期诸子百家争论的一个焦点,其中以孟子的性善论和荀子的性恶论最具有代表性。两位先贤在人性本质问题上存在着“本善”和“本恶”的根本分歧,就注定其衍生的思想主张各有不同甚至存在对立。但殊途同归,两种人性论的最终落脚点是一致的,目的都是教人实现道德上的善。两种人性论在我国哲学史上产生了深远的影响,对其进行比较研究有助于我们了解对人性解读的历史渊源和演进过程,从人性角度把握我国思想史的发展脉络。

Among them,Mencius'theory of good nature and Xunzi's theory of evil nature are the most representative.The theory about human nature explores the nature of human beings,which had always been a focus of debate among scholars in the pre-Qin period.Among them,Mencius’theory of good human nature and Xunzi's theory of evil human nature are the most representative.The two sages have fundamental differences between the“innate goodness”and the“inborn evil tendencies”on the essence of human nature.Therefore it is destined that their derived ideas and propositions are different or even opposed.But even they would eventually reach the same goal even the paths are different.The ultimate destination of the two human nature theories is the same.Both of them two have the goal of teaching people to achieve moral goodness.The two theories about human nature have had a profound impact on the history of philosophy in China.A comparative study of them will help us understand the historical origin and evolution of the interpretation of human nature in China,and grasp the development context of the history of ideas in China from the perspective of human nature.