直肠MRI解剖及其在直肠癌中的临床实践

MRI anatomy of rectum and its clinical application in rectal cancer

目的帮助低年资放射科医生和外科医生更好地解读直肠癌MRI图像。方法对近年来有关MR影像在直肠癌领域中应用的指南、专家共识和研究进展进行阐释。结果直肠MRI能够准确评估一些可能影响患者治疗的重要发现,包括肿瘤到直肠系膜筋膜的距离、是否存在肠壁外血管侵犯、是否存在淋巴结转移等。结论直肠MRI是直肠癌临床分期和多学科诊疗的重要基础,外科医生和放射科医生必须要掌握关键的影像解剖基础和临床实践要点,才能准确解读直肠癌MRI的图像信息。

Objective To help junior radiologists and surgeons better interpret MRI images of rectal cancer.Method The guidelines,expert consensus and research progress on the application of MR imaging in rectal cancer in recent years were reviewed.Results Rectal MR had the ability to accurately evaluate a number of important findings that may impact patient’management,including distance of the tumor to the mesorectal fascia,presence of extramural vascular invasion,and presence of lymph nodes.Conclusions Rectal MRI is an important basis for clinical staging and multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of rectal cancer.Surgeons and radiologists must master the key imaging anatomical basis and clinical practice points in order to accurately interpret the image information of MRI in rectal cancer.