基于声子晶体理论进行轨道系统减振效果研究

Research on the Vibration Reduction Effect of Track System Based on Phononic Crystal Theory

研究目的:针对高速铁路下穿机场航站楼引起的振动噪声问题,分析传统轨道减振技术针对高铁下穿航站楼时存在的弊端,基于声子晶体理论,引入新型声子晶体减振垫层,以降低60~80 Hz特殊频段的振动水平,减少列车运行对机场航站楼内人员的影响。本文以成都至自贡高铁线下穿天府机场航站楼为例,采用多刚体动力学软件UM(Universal Mechanism)与有限元软件ANSYS联合仿真,通过建立两种不同下部基础的列车-轨道-隧道刚柔耦合动力学模型,对新型声子隔振垫和普通隔振垫的减振效果进行对比分析,验证新型声子减振垫的减振效果。研究结论:(1)基于声子晶体局域共振禁带机理设计的新型声子晶体隔振垫轨道各结构低频范围的振动峰值有所减小,且在特定频段(63~100 Hz)减振性能更为显著,其中在80 Hz频段范围减振效果最佳,较普通隔振垫减小9.9 dB,在高铁下穿航站楼时具有良好的减振效果;(2)本研究成果可用于临近或下穿机场及特殊建筑时的高速铁路无砟轨道减振降噪。

Research purposes:Aiming at the problem of vibration and noise caused by high-speed railway crossing airport terminal,this paper analyzes the disadvantages of traditional track vibration reduction technology in high-speed railway crossing terminal.Based on phononic crystal theory,a new phononic crystal damping pad is introduced to reduce the vibration level of 60~80 Hz and the influence of train operation on people in the airport terminal.Taking the Chengdu-Zigong high-speed railway line passing through the Tianfu airport terminal as an example,the multi-rigid body dynamics software UM(Universal Mechanism)and the finite element software ANSYS are used to the simulation.By establishing two train-track-tunnel rigid-flexible coupling dynamics models of different foundation,the vibration absorption effect of the new phononic damping pad and the ordinary damping pad is compared and analyzed to verify the vibration absorption effect of the new phononic cushion.Research conclusions:(1)The vibration peak value of the low frequency range of each structure of the track that used new phononic crystal damping pad based on the local resonance band gap mechanism of phononic crystals is reduced,and the vibration absorption performance is more significant in the specific frequency band(63~100 Hz).The damping effect is the best in the frequency band range of 80 Hz,which is 9.9 dB smaller than that in the ordinary isolation pad.(2)The research results can be used for vibration reduction and noise reduction of ballastless track of high-speed railway near or under the airport and special buildings.