超临界流体萃取技术提取贵金属的应用研究

Study on the Application of Supercritical Fluid Extraction in Extracting Precious Metals

超临界流体是一种绿色溶剂,与传统提取工艺相比较,它既是一种环境友好型绿色分离方法,又是一种极具发展潜能的绿色分离技术。目前许多物质的提取已经达到经济规模的工业化批量生产阶段。文章中简述了超临界流体的原理、特点,探究并总结了利用超临界流体萃取技术从废弃电路板、燃烧炉灰和酸性核废料中提取贵金属及金属元素,为超临界流体萃取技术的应用方面的探究提供了依据。

Supercritical fluid is a kind of green solvent,compared with the traditional extraction process,it is not only an environment-friendly green separation method,but also a green separation technology with great development potential.At present,the extraction of many substances has reached the stage of industrial mass production on an economic scale.The principle and characteristics of supercritical fluid were briefly introduced,and the extraction of precious metals and metallic elements from waste circuit board,combustion furnace ash and acidic nuclear waste by supercritical fluid extraction technology was explored and summarized,which provided a basis for the exploration of the application of supercritical fluid extraction technology.