永磁同步电机控制策略综述

Summary of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Control Strategy

当前,随着新材料技术的飞跃式发展,稀土永磁材料的应用也逐步走向各个行业。磁性复合材料便是一种重要的新型磁材料,我国高能量密度永磁材料的储量位于世界前列,例如钕、铁、硼这类永磁材料,在我国有着非常可观的开采前景,这也使得永磁电机在工业活动中经常被用到。永磁同步电机也叫做Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Machine,简称PMSM,这种电机是近些年新出现的一种电机,在实际应用中优势明显,主要体现在其转子转动惯量小方面,在工作中效率较高,且由于功率密度大,因此可靠性也能得到有效的保障。这也使得其广泛应用在控制系统中,例如在控制系统的电机匹配上,很多数控机床的电机都用永磁同步电动机代替直流电机、感应电机。永磁同步电机的另一个重要优势在于没有激磁绕组,这样就减少了电机所占用系统的空间,增加了系统的设计感,避免过热,因此节能优势非常明显。首先分析了永磁同步电动机的种类及结构,然后从永磁同步电动机的特征入手,研究了永磁同步电动机的控制策略,为更好地应用永磁同步电动机提供理论基础。

At present,with the rapid development of new material technology,the application of rare earth permanent magnetic materials has gradually moved to various industries.Magnetic composite materials are an important new type of magnetic material.The reserves of high energy density permanent magnetic materials in my country are located in the world In the forefront,permanent magnet materials such as neodymium,iron,and boron have very considerable prospects for exploitation in my country,which also makes permanent magnet motors often used in industrial activities.Permanent magnet synchronous motor is also called Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Machine,or PMSM for short.This kind of motor is a new type of motor that has appeared in recent years.It has obvious advantages in practical applications.Its advantages are mainly reflected in the small moment of inertia of its rotor.The efficiency is high,and because of the high power density,reliability can also be effectively guaranteed.This also makes it widely used in control systems,such as in the motor matching of the control system.Due to the performance advantages of such motors,many CNC machine tools use permanent magnet synchronous motors instead of DC motors and induction motors.Another important advantage of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is that there is no excitation winding,which reduces the space of the system occupied by the motor,increases the design sense of the system,and avoids overheating,so the energy saving advantage is very obvious.First,analyze the types and structures of permanent magnet synchronous motors,and then start with the characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motors,study the control strategies of permanent magnet synchronous motors,and provide a theoretical basis for better application of permanent magnet synchronous motors.