论习近平生态文明思想对生态社会主义的理论超越

On the Theoretical Transcendence of Xi Jin-ping's Thought on Ecological Civilization over the Ecological Socialism

生态社会主义以建立社会主义制度为旨归,深刻揭示了生态危机的根源并在批判资本主义制度中提出了有借鉴意义的解决方案。然而,生态社会主义具有尚未完成体系化构建、“稳态经济”理论违背了经济规律、解决路径带有浪漫主义色彩以及未触及资本主义制度的根本等局限性,因而未能为解决生态危机找到正确路径。习近平生态文明思想植根于马克思主义生态观,汲取了中国古代生态哲学的精华,创造性地提出了以“生命共同体”理论为核心的生态本体论、以“两山”理论为核心的生态价值论、以“文明兴衰”理论为核心的生态认识论和以“生态文明建设系统工程论”为核心的生态实践论等。这标志着习近平生态文明思想基本完成了体系化的构建并实现了对生态社会主义的全面超越,因而具有重要意义。

Targeting at establishing a socialist system, ecological socialism profoundly reveals the roots of the ecological crisis, and proposes possible solutions in the process of criticizing capitalism. However, the ecological socialism has the following limitations: it has not yet been systematically constructed, the "steady-state economy"theory violates the economic laws, and its solution path is touched with romanticism and fails to address the fundamental problems with the capitalist system. Therefore, a right path has not been found to solve ecological crisis in light of the ecological socialism. Xi Jin-ping’s thought on ecological civilization, deep rooted in Marxist outlook on ecology, draws on the essence of ancient Chinese ecological philosophy, and creatively puts forward the ecological ontology with the "a community of life"theory as the core, and the ecological value with the"two mountains"theory as the core, ecological epistemology with the theory of the rise and decline of civilization as the core, and the theory of ecological practice with the theory of "system engineering of ecological civilization construction"as the core. This indicates that basically Xi Jin-ping’s thought on ecological civilization has been systematically constructed, a significant and all-round transcendence over ecological socialism.