夏闲期种植翻压绿肥作物对麦田土壤细菌多样性的影响

Effects of Planting Green Manure Crops on Soil Bacteria Diversity in Summer Fallow Period of Winter Wheat

为明确冬小麦夏闲期种植翻压绿肥的土壤微生物学性质变化特征,在晋南黄土旱塬区,系统分析了在冬小麦夏闲期种植翻压大豆(GM)、黑豆(GL)、绿豆(VW)、乌豇豆(VS)、柽麻(CJL)和草木樨(MP)6种绿肥作物对土壤细菌群落特征的影响。结果表明,冬小麦夏闲期种植翻压绿肥可增加土壤细菌的OTU数量和Alpha-多样性指数,其中,草木樨和绿豆处理的土壤细菌群落组成相似,且细菌OTU数量和Alpha-多样性指数高于其他绿肥处理,乌豇豆处理与其他绿肥处理土壤细菌群落组成差异较大,土壤细菌OTU数量和Alpha-多样性指数最低;细菌群落以酸杆菌门、放线菌门、变形菌门作为优势菌门,各绿肥处理均降低了土壤中放线菌门的相对丰度,乌豇豆处理增加了土壤中酸杆菌门和绿弯菌门的相对丰度,大豆、黑豆、绿豆、柽麻和草木樨处理更有利于土壤中变形菌门的相对丰度的增加。冬小麦夏闲期种植翻压草木樨和绿豆可有效提高旱地麦田土壤细菌群落丰度和多样性。

To clarify the change characteristics of soil microbiological properties after planting green manure crops in summer fallow period of winter wheat,the effects of planting six green manures crops(soybean(GM),black soybean(GL),mung bean(VW),catjang bean(VS),sunn hemp(CJL)and sweet clover(MP))on soil bacteria diversity were investigated in the dryland in southern Shanxi.The results showed that the OTU amount and Alpha-diversity index of soil bacteria increased after planting green manure crops in summer fallow of winter wheat,the soil bacterial community composition of VW treatment was similar to that of MP treatment,and the OTU number and Alpha-diversity index of bacterial under VW and MP treatments were higher than that under other green manure treatments.There was an obvious difference in soil bacterial community composition between VS treatment and other green manure treatments,and the soil bacterial OTU number and Alpha-diversity index under VS treatment were the lowest.The dominant phylum of bacterial community in this research was Acidobacteria,Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria.Green manure treatments reduced the relative abundance of Actinobacteria.However,VS treatment increased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi,GM,GL,VW,CJL and MP were more beneficial to increase the relative abundance of Proteobacteria.So,planting MP and VW could be effectively improve the abundance and diversity of soil bacteria community in summer fallow period of winter wheat.