复方中药治疗鸡大肠杆菌病效果、机理及药物安全性初探

Preliminary Study on the Effect,Mechanism and Safety of Compound Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Chicken Colibacillosis

为研究复方中药对鸡大肠杆菌病的疗效、药效机理及安全性,首先用0.25、0.5、1.0 g/mL复方中药药液以及0.2 mg/mL氟苯尼考药液对从大肠杆菌病鸡中分离的菌株进行体外抑菌试验。再将830羽大肠杆菌病鸡随机分为5组:对照组(30羽鸡)不予治疗,其余4组(每组200羽鸡)分别用上述剂量复方中药以及氟苯尼考进行饮水治疗观察其疗效并测定各组鸡红细胞免疫,通过急性毒性试验及小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验,研究该药的安全性。结果表明,0.5、1.0 g/mL复方中药体外抑菌效果强于0.25 g/mL复方中药,弱于氟苯尼考组;0.5、1.0 g/mL复方中药组明显增加病鸡治愈率(68%、69%),且高于氟苯尼考组(62%);0.5、1.0 g/mL复方中药组鸡红细胞C3bR花环率分别为14.1%±0.7%、14.5%±0.8%,显著高于氟苯尼考组;用该复方中药对小白鼠经口给药,LD50>5000 mg/kg,5000 mg/kg复方中药量对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞无致微核作用。0.5 g/mL复方中药对鸡大肠杆菌病疗效最佳,可能的机理是其起抑菌作用的同时增强了鸡红细胞免疫功能;而且该复方中药安全无毒。

To study the efficacy,mechanism and safety of compound Chinese medicine on chicken Colibacillosis,the antibacterial effect of 0.25,0.5,1.0 g/mL compound Chinese medicine solution and 0.2 mg/mL Florfenicol solution on the strains isolated from chicken Colibacillosis was studied in vitro.830 infected chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups(30 chickens in the control group and 200 chickens in treatment group).The control group was not treated,and the other 4 groups were treated by drinking water with 0.25,0.5,1.0 g/mL compound Chinese medicine solution and 0.2 mg/mL Florfenicol solution,respectively.After 3 d,the cure rate,improvement rate,inefficiency and mortality were counted to evaluated the effect of treatment.At the same time,the pharmacodynamic mechanism and safety of the compound Chinese medicine were studied by measuring the chickens′erythrocytes immune indexes,acute toxicity test and micronucleus test of polychromatic erythrocytes in mice bone marrow.The results showed the antibacterial activity of 0.5 g/mL and 1.0 g/mL compound Chinese medicine were higher than that in 0.25 g/mL compound Chinese medicine,and was lower than that in Florfenicol group.0.5 g/mL and 1.0 g/mL compound Chinese medicine groups increased the cure rate(68%,69%),and was higher than that of Florfenicol group(62%).The rosette rate of C3bR in 0.5 g/mL and 1.0 g/mL compound Chinese medicine groups were 14.1%±0.7%and 14.5%±0.8%,which were significantly higher than those in Florfenicol group.LD50>5000 mg/kg,and 5000 mg/kg had no micronucleus effect on polychromatic erythrocytes of bone marrow of mice.The results showed that 0.5 g/mL compound Chinese medicine had the best effect on chicken Colibacillosis.The possible mechanism was that the compound Chinese medicine could inhibit bacteria and enhance the chicken erythrocyte immunity.The compound Chinese medicine belonged to non-toxic substance and no genotoxicity.