猎奇与浪费:消费主义的博物学样态及其批判路径

Novelty Hunting and Wasting:Natural History Modality of Consumerism and Its Critical Path

消费主义是近代文明进展中一个道德上可疑的"成果"。在启蒙时代,国民经济学家们承诺消费将带来个人自由,博物学家们则承诺科学将带来人与自然之间平等的知性关系。随着资本的集中以及人与自然的商品化,被资本捕获的市场和科学开始走向异化和过剩,成为消耗自然界和人自身的工具。在其当代症候中,好奇心、理性、自由、互利等话语都被纳入消费主义的意识形态中,主体及其观念被商品化地重构了,自然界也在科学的画皮下沦为被剥削的对象。人与自然不是无限消耗或消费的对象,但要拯救人与自然不能依靠羸弱的伦理批判,而是要从消费主义的历史"母体"入手,构建关切人类共同命运的真正具有理性的生活范式和生产方式。

Consumerism remains a morally suspicious"achievement"in the progress of modern civilization.In the age of enlightenment,national economists promised that consumption would bring personal freedom,while naturalists promised that science would bring an equal intellectual relationship between man and nature.With the concentration of capital and the commercialization of man and nature,the market and science captured by capital begin to move towards alienation and surplus,and become the tools to consume nature and man himself.In its contemporary symptoms,including curiosity,rationality,freedom,mutual benefit and discourses have been incorporated into the ideology of consumerism,the subject and its concept have been commercialized and reconstructed,and nature has become the object of exploitation under the skin of science.Man and nature are not the objects of unlimited depletion or consumption,but to save them,we should not rely on weak ethical criticism,but start from the historical"mother"of consumerism,and build a real rational life paradigm and production mode concerned about the common destiny of mankind.