交通基础设施对“一带一路”沿线国家企业出口的影响——基于世界银行企业调查数据的实证研究

The Impact of Transportation Infrastructure on the Export of the Enterprises in the Countries Along the Belt and Road

文章基于世界银行2004~2017年45个"一带一路"沿线国家的企业调查数据,利用双重差分模型分析了交通基础设施对企业出口的影响。结果发现:(1)基础设施对企业出口影响显著,基础设施越完善,企业从事出口经营可能性越大,出口比例也会越大。(2)交通基础设施合作可通过降低企业出口障碍、减少企业出口所需时间成本来改善当地出口,提高企业的出口可能性及出口比例。(3)相对于陆路运输,港口建设改善了沿线国家的交通类基础设施,并推动了当地企业的出口。此外,对于外资企业或外国投资占比较大的企业而言,交通基础设施改善对企业出口有更大的促进作用。

Based on the enterprises survey data of 45 countries along the Belt and Road( B&R) by the World Bank from 2004 to 2017, this paper analyzes the impact of transportation infrastructure on the export of the enterprises by using DID model. The results indicate that:(1) the infrastructure has a significant impact on the export of the enterprises. The more perfect the infrastructure is, the more likely the enterprises are to engage in export and the larger the export proportion will be;(2) the cooperation of transportation infrastructure can improve the local export and increase the export possibility and proportion by reducing export barriers and time cost of the enterprises;(3) compared with land transportation, port construction improves the transportation infrastructure of the countries along B&R and promotes the export of local enterprises. In addition, for foreign-funded enterprises or the enterprises with a large proportion of foreign investment, the improvement of transportation infrastructure has a greater promotion effect on the export of the enterprises.