香港空中步行系统精细化设计与启发

Experience and Enlightenment of Hong Kong Elevated Walking System

纵观我国城市空中步行系统设计与建设,其大多模式是将高密地区轨道站及周边地块进行连接,但这种模式并不能如实反映空中步行系统的整体空间设计逻辑,导致"往下传导难"等问题。作为世界高密度城市地区之一,对于在稀缺土地内建设立体空中步行系统,香港已有一套自己的经验,即精细化构建空中步行系统空间逻辑。香港中环、湾仔、荃湾、沙田、屯门、将军澳、东涌片区空中步行系统分别代表了"交通廊道""轨道站点—公共建筑群""轨道站点+商业"3类发展类型。梳理空中步行系统关于功能、交通、开发模式等精细化设计与开发的要点,以期为今后内地空中步行系统在地化系统设计与开发提供借鉴。

Throughout the existing urban elevated walking system in China's Mainland,its long-term planning and construction mode is to connect the metro stations to the surrounding plots in the high-density area,highlighting the"connection"characteristics of the elevated walking system.This development model,however,cannot truly reflect the overall spatial logic of the elevated walking system and cannot tease out the logical framework of future implementation growth from the design appearance,resulting in problems such as"difficult to implement in top-down approach".As one of the highest density urban areas in the world,Hong Kong has its unique experience in building a three-dimensional elevated walking system with scarce land sources.In addition to institution settings and implementation mechanism,the realization of the elevated walking system is inseparable from the generation of its essential spatial logic.The rationality of spatial logic is the key step to leverage the implementation of development and its most fundamental task is to purposefully construct the spatial order and establish the basic logic of spatial order.After the author’s research,the elevated walking systems in Central,Wan Chai,Tsuen Wan,Sha Tin,Tuen Mun,Tseung Kwan O and Tung Chung districts in Hong Kong represent three development modes of"traffic corridors","metro station-public buildings"and"metro station+commercial".Through systematical synthetization and comparative analysis,they present different spatial characteristics in spatial organization,function,transportation and development mode,and also echo the specificity of the built environment in the specific implementation mechanism.This paper concludes the characteristics from these empirical case studies and tries to sort out the hidden stories,providing a valuable reference for the planning,design and development of the elevated walking system in the China's Mainland in the future.