细锯脂鲤银膜及全透两个品系的体色及发育的对比

Study on the development of body color in two strains of Pristella maxillaris

细锯脂鲤(Pristella maxillaris)因其成鱼体色透明而越来越受到模式生物研究学者们的青睐.本研究从组织形态学和细胞学水平连续观察了银膜和全透两个品系细锯脂鲤不同发育时期眼睛、鳃部、腹部、背鳍、臀鳍及尾鳍的特征.结果表明:(1)银膜系鱼中观察到3种色素细胞,发育时序为黑色素细胞、虹彩细胞和黄色素细胞;全透系鱼中仅先后出现黑色素细胞与黄色素细胞2种色素细胞.(2)背鳍中部,银膜系鱼仅有树突状黑色素细胞,全透系鱼还具有颗粒状黄色素细胞;臀鳍中部,银膜系鱼的黑色素细胞均为树突状,但全透系鱼中黑色素细胞与黄色素细胞形态都为颗粒状;尾鳍中部,银膜系鱼均匀分布着散射状黄色素细胞,而全透系鱼黄色素细胞形态除散射状外还呈颗粒状形态.(3)银膜系鱼眼睛、背鳍与臀鳍上的黑色素细胞数量均多于全透系鱼,而黄色素细胞数量则相反.上述研究结果可为后续相关鱼类体色发育机制及可视化模式生物的建立提供重要的基础资料.

Because of its transparent body,Pristella maxillaris become more and more popular among model organisms researchers.We cultured two strains,silver peritoneum(hereinafter referred to as SP)and adult transparent(hereinafter referred to as AT).The abdomen and gills of SP are covered by a layer of silver materials,while in AT its internal organs can be clearly observed because of no silver materials present.We used stereoscopic microscope to observe the pigment cells in eyes,gills,abdomen,dorsal fin,anal fin and caudal fin in two strains of P.maxillaris at different developmental stages.The results showed that:(1)There were 3 types of pigment cells being observed in the SP fish.The developmental order was melanophore,iridophore and xanthophore.But only melanophore and xanthophore appeared in the AT.(2)In the SP fish,dendritic melanophores present in the middle part of the dorsal and anal fin.While in the AT fish,the melanophore and xanthophore in the middle part of the dorsal and anal fin were granular.Moreover,the melanophore at the middle of the tail fin were evenly distributed in SP fish.Differently,the morphology of the xanthophore in AT fish was granular and scattering.(3)The number of melanophore at the eyes,dorsal fin and anal fin in SP fish was more than that in AT fish,while the number of xanthophore was the opposite.Our results demonstrated the development process and differences of body color in two strains at the level of histomorphology and cytology.It will provide basic data for further studying the molecular mechanism on the development of body color in Pristella maxillaris.