2014年-2019年西安市某三甲医院住院儿童病例分析

Case Analysis on Hospitalized Children in Three Level First-class Hospital of Xi’an City from 2014 to 2019

目的分析住院儿童性别年龄分布,以及不同时期患儿住院天数、住院费用和疾病构成变化,为医院管理和疾病防治提供依据。方法对西安市某三级甲等医院2014年1月1日-2019年12月31日47 254例住院儿童的病例采用回顾性分析,首先按时间分组对住院儿童的住院天数、住院费用、疾病分类及顺位变化进行分析;再按年龄分组对不同年龄段住院儿童前三位疾病构成进行分析。结果住院儿童男性多于女性,男女性别比为1.48:1,学龄期所占比例最大,占30.09%;2017年1月1日-2019年12月31日与2014年1月1日-2016年12月31日住院儿童相比,2017年-2019年组患儿住院天数较2014年-2016年组平均缩短0.35天,住院费用平均增加572.53元。不同时间段患儿疾病顺位略有不同,呼吸系统疾病和起源于围生期疾患始终位居疾病顺位第一、二位;影响健康状态与保健机构接触的因素的顺位由2014年-2016年组的第四位上升到2017年-2019年组的第三位,比例由6.17%上升到8.78%。结论儿童疾病预防和治疗的重点应放在呼吸系统疾病和起源于围生期疾病中,应提高技术水平,缩短住院天数,降低住院费用。

Objective To analyze the gender and age distribution of hospitalized children, as well as the changes in the number of hospitalization days, hospitalization expenses, and disease spectrum of patients in different periods, in order to provide the basis for hospital management and disease prevention. Methods 47,254 medical cases of hospitalized children in a Three Level First-class Hospital of Xi’an from January 1,2014 to December 31, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Firstly, the hospitalization days, hospitalization expenses, disease classification and sequence changes of hospitalized children were analyzed by time group;then, the top three diseases of different age groups were analyzed. Results Hospitalized children were more males than females, the sex ratio of males to females was 1.48:1, and the proportion of school-age children was the largest, the ratio was 30.09%;Compared with hospitalized children in 2014~2016,the hospitalization stays of children in 2017~2019 was shortened by an average of 0.35 days, but hospitalization expenses was increased by an average of 572.53 yuan. The sequence of diseases of children in different time periods was slightly different, and respiratory diseases and perinatal diseases always ranked first and second in the sequence of diseases. The ranking of factors affecting health status and contact with health care institutions rose from the fourth in 2014~2016 to the third in 2017~2019,and the proportion also increased from 6.17% to 8.78%. Conclusion Respiratory diseases and perinatal diseases have always been the main diseases of children in Hospital;We should improve the technical level to shorten the days of hospitalization and reduce the cost of hospitalization.