基于陆海统筹理念的围填海生态修复规划研究——以福建可门工业园区为例

Research on the Ecological Restoration Plan of Reclamation Based on the Concept of Land-Sea Co-ordination:A Case Study of Kemen Industrial Park,Fujian Province

如何使我国围填海的存量资源得到高效可持续利用是当今围填海研究的热门课题,生态修复是实现这一目标的有效手段。本研究基于陆海统筹的理念,以福建可门工业园区为例,针对围填海造成的"占用滨海湿地、护岸硬质化、破坏海岛、海洋生物资源损失、排放污水、生境破碎"等生态环境问题,引入了"生态流"的概念,并且因地制宜,从"构建山海通廊、生态海堤、增殖放流、退堤还水、退养还滩、无居民海岛修复和污染防治"等方面构建了可门工业园区围填海空间生态修复规划,从而修复该区域的"通道、过滤、来源、储存和屏障"等生态功能,形成稳定向好的生态系统,提升生态服务价值,促进围填海存量资源可持续利用。最后通过可门工业园区的经验,为其他的围填海生态修复提出建议。

How to ensure the efficient and sustainable utilization of the sea reclamation resources in China is a hot research topic,and ecological restoration is an effective means to achieve this goal.Based on the concept of land-sea coordination,we take the Kemen Industrial Park in Fujian Province as an example.The ecological environment problems caused by reclamation include occupation of coastal wetlands,hardening of bank revetment,destruction of islands,loss of marine biological resources,sewage discharge and habitat destruction.We introduced the concept of"ecological flow"to help the solution of the problems.According to the local conditions,the ecological restoration plan for the reclamation space was established on the construction of mountain and sea corridor,restoration of ecological seawall,breeding and releasing,removal of the seawall,aquaculture clearing,restoration of tidal flat and the uninhabited islands,and pollution prevention.It is expected that the ecological functions such as conduit,filter,source,pool and barrier can be repaired,and a more stable and better ecosystem can be formed.The value of ecological services and the effective utilization of sea reclamation resources can be enhanced.Finally,suggestions for other reclamation ecological restoration are put forward through the experience of Kemen Industrial Park.