聚合物取向结晶形态观察实验设计

Design of observation experiment of polymer oriented crystallization

利用偏光显微镜观察聚合物结晶形态是经典的高分子物理实验之一,是高分子专业学生必须掌握的一门实验技术。但大部分高校开设的偏光显微镜观察聚合物结晶形态实验是基于聚合物球晶观察,方法简单但相对枯燥。该实验在原有基础上引入温度梯度热台,学生不仅能观察到恒温状态下的球晶形貌,也能观察到温度梯度下的取向结晶形貌。学生可以自行设置不同的结晶条件来观察聚合物的结晶形貌,探究不同的静态温度梯度场和动态温度梯度场下聚合物结晶过程及形态,加深对于聚合物结晶的认知。该实验设计采用探索性的实验教学方法,激发学生实验兴趣,培养学生科研思维,拓宽学生视野。

It is one of the classic polymer physics experiments to observe the crystalline morphology of polymer by the polarizing microscope, and it is an experimental technology that polymer students must master. However, the polarizing microscope observation of polymer crystal morphology in most universities is based on the observation of polymer spherulites, which is simple but relatively boring. In this experiment, the temperature gradient heating platform is introduced on the basis of the original experiment. Students can observe not only the spherulite morphology at constant temperature, but also the oriented crystal morphology under temperature gradient. Students can set different crystallization conditions to observe the crystal morphology of polymer, and explore the crystallization process and morphology of polymer under different static temperature gradient field and dynamic temperature gradient field. The experimental design adopts the exploratory experimental teaching method to stimulate students’ interest in experiment, cultivate their scientific research thinking and broaden their horizon.