老年慢性心力衰竭患者的多学科健康素养管理实践

Multidisciplinary health literacy management practices in elderly patients with chronic heart failure

目的探讨对老年慢性心力衰竭患者运用多学科健康素养管理的策略,并评估其临床应用效果。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年1—12月在桂林医学院附属医院心血管内科住院的老年慢性心力衰竭患者130例作为研究对象,将2019年1—6月住院的65例患者设为对照组,2019年7—12月住院的65例患者设为观察组;对照组实施常规护理指导和电话随访,观察组在对照组的基础上给予多学科团队指导患者进行自我管理,干预3个月后比较2组患者健康素养(心力衰竭特异性健康素养量表)及生活质量(明尼苏达生活质量问卷,MLHFQ)情况。结果干预前2组患者健康素养和MLHFQ评分比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);干预3个月后,观察组患者健康素养评分为(36.63±4.16)分,高于对照组的(27.89±3.64)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组生活质量量表评分为(36.56±5.07)分,低于对照组的(49.78±6.32)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施多学科健康素养管理能有效提高老年慢性心力衰竭患者健康素养及生活质量。

Objective To explore the nursing strategy of multidisciplinary health literacy management for elderly patients with chronic heart failure and evaluate its clinical application effect.Methods From January 2019 to December 2019,A total of 130 elderly patients with chronic heart failure who were hospitalised in a tertiary Grade A hospital in Guilin,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected via the convenience sampling method.Sixty-five patients who were hospitalised each month from January 2019 to June 2019 were set as the control group.Moreover,65 patients who were hospitalised from July 2019 to December 2019 were set as the observation group.The control group received routine nursing guidance and was followed up via telephone,and the observation group was given multidisciplinary team guidance for self-management on the basis of the control group.The discipline team guided the patients to self-manage.The health literacy and quality of life of the two groups of patients were compared after 3 months of intervention.Results No significant difference was observed in terms of health literacy and the Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire(MLHFQ)scores between the two groups before intervention(all P>0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the health literacy score of the observation group(36.63±4.16)was significantly higher than that of the control group(27.89±3.64),P<0.05.The quality of life scale score of the observation group(36.56±5.07)was significantly lower than that of the control group(49.78±6.32),P<0.05.Conclusion Implementing multidisciplinary health literacy management can effectively improve the health literacy and quality of life of elderly patients with chronic heart failure.