基质改良对铁尾矿藻类结皮性能影响的试验研究

Experimental study on effect of substrate amelioration on algal crusts performance of iron mine tailings

为了促进尾矿基质上藻类结皮的形成和生长,增强尾矿基质表面的抗侵蚀能力,开展了不同基质改良条件下藻类结皮生长试验,测试了不同条件下藻类结皮的物理化学性质及力学性能。结果表明:藻类在纯尾矿库中生长速度缓慢,结皮效果较差;藻类在改良后的尾矿基质上结皮质量明显提高,海藻酸钠和EM(有效微生物)原液对藻类生长有明显的促进作用;结皮后土壤与纯尾矿土相比,土壤中水分、氮、磷含量均有所增加,pH值较小。藻类结皮可以固定尾矿砂,提高尾矿基质肥力,改善尾矿废弃地条件,在铁尾矿废弃地的生态恢复过程中扮演着积极的角色,有利于铁尾矿废弃地生态系统的恢复。

In this paper,the Waitoushan iron mine tailings was taken as research object,and Chlamydomonas,Nostoc sp.and Microcolus vaginatus were selected to carry out the algae skilling experiment.By adding loess and organic fertilizer with different ratios to improve the iron mine tailings,and testing the physical and chemical properties and mechanical properties of three kinds of algae skins under different ameliorant conditions,the dominant algae species were selected and decided.Different concentrations of sodium alginate and EM(effective microorganisms)solution were added to the modified substrate with dominant algal species.The effects of nutrients on the growth conditions of algae crusts were investigated by measuring the physical properties of Nostoc sp.crust and the changes in nutrient content of the algal crusted soil.The results showed that the growth rate of algae in pure tailing soil is slow and the skinning effect is poor.On the contrary,the algae crusting quality on the improved tailings substrate is significantly improved,and having the largest coating thickness,the amount of algae and the flocculent coating on the modified loess and 10%organic fertilizer matrix.Among the three types of algae crusts,Nostoc sp.crust have the best effect.Compared with the pure tailing soil,the content of water,total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the soil increased after skinning increased.When the concentration of sodium alginate is 50 mg/L and the volume ratio of EM solution to water is 1:150,the thickness and shear strength of the crusting of Nostoc sp.crust are the highest,and the crusting effect is the best.Algae crusting can fix tailings,improve the fertility of tailings matrix,and improve the conditions of tailings wasteland,which plays an active role in the ecological restoration process of iron mine tailings wasteland,and is beneficial to the ecosystem restoration of iron mine tailings wasteland.