病原微生物实验室工作人员职业暴露与免疫情况调查研究

A survey of occupational exposure and immunization condition for professionals working at pathogenic microorganism laboratory

目的了解病原微生物实验室工作人员疫苗可预防疾病职业暴露情况及其免疫现状,提出职业人群的免疫策略建议。方法选择来自9个省份医疗与疾病预防控制机构的509名病原微生物实验室工作人员,通过问卷调查收集职业暴露史、免疫史、免疫意愿等数据,分析影响其免疫及免疫意愿的因素。结果被调查的509人中有75人发生过职业暴露(14.73%),287人(56.39%)在参加工作后接种过疫苗,接种率最高的5种疫苗是乙肝、流感、麻疹、风疹、腮腺炎等疫苗,465人(91.36%)有免疫意愿。结论病原微生物实验室工作人员疫苗接种率低,有发生疫苗可预防疾病职业暴露的风险,应加强对职业人群的疫苗接种管理,提高职业人群的疫苗接种率,确保实验室生物安全。

Objective To understand the occupational exposure to vaccine preventable diseases and the status of immunization among microorganisms laboratory staff,to provide immunization strategy advise for professionals involved in pathogenic microorganism laboratory.Methods A total of 509 pathogenic microorganism laboratory workers from 9 provinces were selected to collect the data of occupational exposure history,immunization history and immune willingness through questionnaire survey,and the factors influencing their immunity and immune willingness were analyzed.Results Seventy-five persons(14.73%)had occupational exposure,287 persons(56.39%)of the respondents had been vaccinated after taking part in the work.The three vaccines with the highest coverage rate were hepatitis B vaccine,influenza vaccine,and a combined measles,rubella,and mumps vaccine.The vaccination rate of occupational population was low.465 persons(91.36%)had the willingness to immunize.Conclusions The vaccination rate of pathogenic microorganism laboratory staff is low,and there is a risk of occupational exposure to vaccine preventable diseases.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the vaccination management of occupational population,improve the vaccination rate of occupational population,guarantee the biosafety of the laboratory.