土耳其移民归化入籍法律制度研究

On Turkish Citizenship Legislation and Naturalization Policies

归化入籍一般是指居住在国外的人,依据所居住国的法律规定自愿、主动取得新国籍的行为。移民及其家庭成员的归化入籍是一个多维度(即法律、社会、文化、政治)代际过程,拥有公民身份是促进他们平等参与社会、经济和政治活动的必要条件。土耳其移民归化入籍方式主要有三大类:依法取得公民身份;通过当局的决定取得公民身份;通过选择获得公民身份。土耳其移民归化入籍的程序复杂,涉及多个部门,给予相关政府部门过大的自由裁量权。基于国情和入欧考量,土耳其移民归化入籍法律制度主要实行血统原则,并尽力向欧洲标准靠拢,移民归化入籍受多重因素影响。借鉴土耳其移民归化入籍制度,可以从四个方面完善我国的移民管理和国籍制度。

Naturalization means the proceeding whereby a foreigner is granted citizenship.The incorporation of immigrants and their family members is a multi-dimensional(legal,social,cultural,political)and intergenerational process.The Acquisition of citizenship is a necessary condition to facilitate their participation in society and politics.Turkish naturalization can be divided into three categories:the acquisition of citizenship in accordance with the law,the acquisition of citizenship through the decision of the authorities and the acquisition of citizenship through option.The procedure of Turkish naturalization legislation is complicated and related to a couple of authorities which may be allowed to use their discretion in ordinary naturalization in different and inappropriate way.Considering the national conditions and joining EU,Turkish naturalization legislation mainly implements the principle of pedigree,and tries to meet European standards.The immigrants naturalization is influenced by many factors.Through a study on Turkish citizenship legislation and naturalization policies,we can improve our immigration management and develop the legal framework and procedures of naturalization in China.