论提升我国司法鉴定公信力的路径选择

On the Path Choice of Improving the Credibility ofJudicial Expertise in China

鉴定意见作为我国法定证据种类之一种,其在司法裁判中发挥着重要功能,但其在实践中面临申请鉴定权利被不当滥用、重复鉴定突出等问题。导致上述问题的原因在于司法鉴定管理制度不完善、法官关于鉴定的自由裁量行为失范等。虽然我国新《民事证据规定》对鉴定制度作了较大幅度的修改,但仍然存在未明确鉴定程序启动前的程序、未明确鉴定期限确定方式、专家辅助人制度不完善等不足。健全司法鉴定制度、明确规范法官涉鉴行为、构建统一的鉴定意见评价机制以及加强并规范专家辅助人参与庭审质证是提升我国司法鉴定公信力的优化路径。

As one of the types of statutory evidence in China,the appraisal opinion plays an important role in judicial adjudication.However,it faces the problems of improper abuse of the right to applying for appraisal and the problem of repeated identification in practice.The reasons for this problem are the lack of scientific knowledge theory,the imperfect management system of judicial authentication,and the judge's discretionary behavior regarding authentication.Although China's new"Civil Evidence Regulations"have made substantial changes to the appraisal system,there are still deficiencies such as unclear procedures before the start of appraisal procedures,unclear determination methods for appraisal deadlines,and inadequate expert assistant system.The ways to enhance the credibility of China’s judicial appraisal are improving the relevant systems of judicial appraisal,clearly standardizing the judges involvement in appraisal,constructing a unified appraisal opinion evaluation mechanism and strengthening and standardizing the participation of expert assistants in court trials.