中国省域环境伦理行为指数测度及其空间效应研究——基于改进STIRPAT模型的实证

Research on Spatial Effects of Environmental Ethics in Provinces of China Based on Improved STIRPAT

环境伦理观是指导人类环境行为的哲学观,是促进环境和谐发展的核心理念。通过构建政府、企业和公众三个层面的环境伦理行为指数指标体系,测算了2003—2015年中国省域环境伦理行为指数,并结合改进的STIRPAT模型与空间面板计量模型进行回归分析。结果表明:在2003—2015年间,中国省域环境伦理行为指数存在较强的正向空间自相关性,以高值集聚为主,低值集聚为辅,整体空间集聚分布格局显著。人口密度对环境伦理行为指数的影响在空间上集中于本省域,而环境污染程度会同时对本省域及周边地区的环境伦理行为指数产生影响,空间溢出效应显著。经济高速发展所带来的环境问题激化了保护与发展的矛盾,增加了环境伦理行为指数,而当前的科技水平仍未能满足当前环境治理的需求,仍存在较大提升空间。自然保护程度的直接效应和空间溢出效应都为负值,意味着随着生态环境保护状况的优化,环境伦理行为指数会降低,人地矛盾会得到一定程度的缓解。

Environmental ethics is a philosophical concept that guides human environmental behavior and is the core concept to promote the harmonious development of the environment.This paper calculated China’s provincial environmental ethical behavior index from 2003 to 2015 is calculated by constructing an index system of environmental ethical behavior index at three levels:government,enterprise and public.Combining with the improved STIRPAT model and the spatial panel econometric model,the environmental ethics behavior index is analyzed.The results show that:From 2003 to 2015,there is a strong positive spatial autocorrelation in China’s provincial environmental ethics behavior index.The environmental ethical behavior index of most provinces in China is mainly high-value agglomeration,supplemented by low-value agglomeration,and the overall spatial agglomeration pattern is significant.The impact of population density on environmental ethical behavior index is concentrated in the provincial area in space,and the density of pollution will not only affect the environmental ethical behavior index of the provincial area,but also radiate the adjacent provinces.The spatial spillover effect of environmental pollution density is significant.The environmental problems brought by the rapid economic development aggravate the contradiction between protection and development,and increase the environmental ethics behavior index.However,the current level of science and technology still fails to meet the needs of current environmental governance,and there is still a large room for improvement.The direct effect and spatial spillover effect of environmental conservation are both negative,which means that with the optimization of ecological environment protection,the environmental ethics behavior index will be reduced,and the contradiction between human and land will be alleviated to a certain extent.