基于空间图解与基础转译下园林空间营造模式探析——以潍坊十笏园为例

Analysis of Garden Space Construction Mode Based on Spatial Diagram and Basic Translation:Based on Shihu Garden in Weifang Province

位于山东省潍坊市的十笏园是一座保存较为完善的北方私家园林,是研究明清时代北方私家园林发展的重要实例。以十笏园为例,运用拓扑的方法,将十笏园的园林空间划分为4组基本空间单元,并对空间单元的空间模式进行图解与转译研究。结果显示:十笏园的空间类型可划分为辐射式、并列式、嵌套式、对称式、取景式、点景式、集中式、穿越式8种不同的空间图式;十笏园内园林空间通过视线与路径的引导使得四大基本空间单元相互衔接与呼应,完美诠释了中国古典园林中的生态营造模式。研究成果能够深化对中国北方私家园林空间营造的认识,为传承中古典园林空间营造法式具有一定的启示借鉴。

Shihu garden, located in Weifang City, Shandong Province, is a well preserved private garden in the north. It is an important example to study the development of private gardens in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Taking Shihu garden as an example,the garden space of Shihu garden is divided into four groups of basic space units by using topological method and the spatial patterns of spatial units are illustrated and translated. The results show that: the space types of Shihu garden can be divided into eight different spatial patterns: radiation, juxtaposition, nesting, symmetry, view taking, point view, centralized, and through type;the landscape space in Shihu garden connects and echoes the four basic spatial elements through the guidance of sight line and path, which perfectly interprets the ecological construction mode in Chinese classical garden. The results can deepen the understanding of private garden space construction in north of China, and have certain enlightenment for inheriting the space construction method of Chinese classical garden.