思想性与育人性的统一:再论苏联时期马克思主义教育家的劳动教育思想

Integratation on both Ideological Content and Moral Education:A New Study on Thought of Labor Education of Marxist Educators in Soviet Union

苏联时期的马克思主义教育家十分重视劳动教育。列宁提出实施"普遍生产劳动同普遍教育相结合";卢那察尔斯基倡导综合技术教育;克鲁普斯卡娅认为由读书学校向劳动学校转变,是近代学校发展的必然趋势;马卡连柯强调劳动教育是学校教育教学工作的基本要素之一;凯洛夫认为,苏维埃人身上应当培养起来的重要品质之一是共产主义劳动态度;苏霍姆林斯基强调人的全面和谐发展必须以劳动教育为基础。苏联马克思主义教育家的劳动教育思想具有鲜明的社会主义性质,具有继承性、发展性和时代性的特征。

The Marxist educators in Soviet Union paid much attention to labor education. Lenin suggested "general productive labor should combined with general education".Луначарский promoted the develop of comprehensive technical education. Крупускаяthought the change from reading school to labor school would be the trend of development.Макаренко believed labor education was the basic elements of teaching and learning in schools. Kaiipob thought the important quality of students was the communist labor attitude.Сухомлин?ский laid emphasis on the labor education as the keynote for student’s holistic development. The theory of labor education for the Marxist educators in Soviet Union has obvious character of socialism and the character of inheritance,development and times.