老年人欺诈受害影响因素及解决对策--基于潍坊四区县调查数据的分析

Influencing Factors of Elder Fraud and Its Counter Measures:Based on Survey Data of Four Counties in Weifang

2020年新冠疫情期间,以口罩诈骗为典型的疫情相关欺诈案件频发,破坏了社会秩序,损害了公民财产安全。老年人因社会判别力弱,信息获取渠道闭塞而首当其冲成为欺诈案件的受害者。老龄欺诈受害问题在当今加速老龄化时代受到越来越多的关注。应用潍坊市"老年健康"调查问卷数据,描述受害老年群体的共性特征。从个体客观状态与特征、同住情况、身体健康状况和精神文化生活等方面,综合分析老年人受骗上当的可能影响因素。通过Logistic回归分析发现:女性、频繁购买保健品、自评经济状况较好、家庭支出自主决定的老年人面临更大的受骗风险。最后探讨如何采取对策帮助老年人防范被骗。

During the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020,pandemic-related fraud cases,such as mask fraud,occurred frequently,which disrupted social order and impaired people’s property safety.Older people are the main victims because of their weak discerning power and poor access to information.Elder fraud has drawn more and more attention in an era of accelerating population aging.By using"Elderly Health"questionnaire data of Weifang,a city in Shandong province,this paper depicted the common features of this vulnerable group,and analyzed the possible influencing factors of elder fraud from aspects of individual objective state and characteristics,co-living situation,physical health status and cultural life.Logistic regression analysis shows that females and older adults who buy health products,with a relatively good self-rated health status,and with a decision-making power over spending,are more likely to be deceived.Finally we explored measures to protect the elderly from fraud.