性别、出生顺序和养老行为--基于CHARLS 2013年数据的分析

Gender,Birth Order and the Behavior of Providing for the Aged:Analysis Based on Data from CHARLS 2013

基于CHARLS 2013年数据库,考察子女的性别和出生顺序对其养老行为的影响,将养老行为标准化为居住模式、照料时长、看望频率和经济支持四个指标,分别构建了二元逻辑回归、序次逻辑回归和线性回归三类模型进行分析。结果显示:性别对养老行为依然有显著影响,男性比女性承担了更多的养老行为;出生顺序对养老行为的影响主要体现在第一个子女尤其是第一个男性子女身上,其他子女的养老行为与其出生顺序没有显著相关性;在某些方面,女性比男性表现出了更多的养老行为,这表明女性也开始承担更多的养老责任,养儿防老观念在我国当前社会开始淡化。

Based on data from CHARLS 2013,this paper analyzed the effects of people’s gender and birth order on their behavior of providing for their parents,and divided this behavior into four standard indicators:residence pattern,duration of care,frequency of visits and financial support.A binary logistic regression model,an ordinal logistic regression model and a linear regression model are constructed for analysis.Results show that gender has a significant influence on the supporting behavior,and that sons bear more responsibility for providing for the aged than daughters.The influence of birth order on the supporting behavior is mainly reflected in the firstborn,especially the firstborn son.There is no significant correlation between other children’s supporting behavior and their birth orders.Females are more likely to support their parents in some ways than males,suggesting that women are beginning to assume more responsibility of eldercare,and that the view of bringing up sons to provide for one’s old age is becoming less important in contemporary society.