罗伯特·弗罗斯特诗歌主题的文本世界理论诠释

An Interpretation of Robert Frost’s Poems:A Text World View

罗伯特·弗罗斯特是美国现当代文学史上最伟大的诗人之一,他的诗歌表面上读起来简单,实际上很复杂。用文本世界理论来分析弗罗斯特的诗歌主题可以起到化繁为简、以简驭繁的作用。在弗罗斯特的诗歌中,文本世界生成的二重性决定了诗歌主题诠释的"他治"原则,即诠释既要考虑到文本世界生成的内在属性,又要考虑到文本世界生成的外在因素,是一种文本驱动下读者和诗人跨越时空的互动行为。弗罗斯特诗歌中文本世界的功能推进为多层次功能推进,是从单层次功能推进到多层次功能推进的运作模式。在弗罗斯特的诗歌中,文本世界可以产生次级世界,而次级世界的产生亦是他诗歌主题的诠释和解读的切入口之一,因为诗歌中次级世界的产生可以引起诗篇焦点的移位,使得诗歌的主题思想或通过直接的方式或通过间接的方式显示出来。

Robert Frost is regarded as one of the best poets in modern and contemporary American literature.Simple as they may seem,Frost’s poems are,actually,very complicated.However,they can be simplified by using text world theory as an analysis tool and the hidden themes can be revealed accordingly.In Frost’s poems,the dual sources of text worlds’production determine the heteronomous principle in the interpretation of the poetic themes.The interpretation,as an interaction between readers and the poet across time and space,should cover the innate attributes as well as the external elements in the production of the text worlds.The function advancing in Frost’s poems is operated in a multi-level mode.It goes from the single-level function advancing to that of the multi-level function.In Frost’s poems,it is a common phenomenon that subworlds are generated from text worlds,which is also one of the approaches to the interpretation of themes in Frost’s poems,because the generation of sub-worlds can lead to the dislocation of poems’viewpoints.The dislocation of the viewpoints would reveal the themes of poems in a direct or indirect way.