“星火此间著”:上海老渔阳里2号与马克思主义的传播

“The Star and the Fire Nearby”:No.2 Old Yuyangli in Shanghai and the Spread of Marxism

1920年春,新文化运动的倡导者、五四运动的领袖人物陈独秀入住法租界环龙路老渔阳里2号,以"思想界的明星""五四运动总司令"的声名吸引了一批先进知识分子集聚于此。陈独秀等人在渔阳里通过创办报刊、译介书籍、开展论辩等方式,研究和宣传马克思主义理论,传播新理念,营造新语境,对五四运动后新文化运动勃兴,形成马克思主义思潮风起云涌的舆论氛围,进而为政治实践提供"粮食供给",起到了积极而重要的促进作用。由此引致的多种变化,影响改变了正在动态发展的政治实践的传播内容、话语体系和发展趋向。马克思主义在中国的传播,从清末的思想潜流,到20世纪初年发展成为一种思潮显流,因应着知识阶层和社会民众思想演变的"革命化",也揭示了五四新文化运动为政治实践提供动力与滋养的过程。

In the spring of 1920,Chen Du-xiu,the leader of the May Fourth Movement and an advocate of the New Culture Movement,moved into No.2 Old Yuyangli,Huanlong Road,in the former French Concession,attracting a group of advanced intellectuals with his reputation as the"star of the intellectual world"and"commander-in-chief of the May Fourth Movement".By founding newspapers,translating books and conducting debates,Chen Du-xiu and others researched and publicized Marxist theories,disseminated new ideas and created a new context.It was of positive and important influence on the emergence of a new cultural movement after the May Fourth Movement,the formation of an atmosphere of public opinion in which Marxist ideas flourished,and the consequent"food supply"for political practice.The resultant changes influenced the content of communication,the discourse and the direction of political practice which was developing dynamically.The spread of Marxism in China,from a subterranean stream of thought in the late Qing dynasty to a manifest stream of thought in the early twentieth century,was a response to the"revolutionisation"of the intellectual and social classes and heralded the process in which the May Fourth New Culture Movement provided the impetus and nourishment for political practice.