进口中间品供给冲击对中国工业企业能源利用效率的影响研究

The Effect of the Supply Shock of Imported Intermediates on Energy Efficiency of Chinese Industrial Enterprises

公共卫生危机和逆全球化浪潮严重冲击以中间品贸易为连通机制的国际分工体系,部分企业甚至陷入进口中间品"断供"困局。基于中国工业企业数据、污染企业调查数据、专利申请数据和海关进出口数据的匹配数据,使用外生冲击指标构建法、准自然实验法以及中介效应分析法,研究进口中间品供给冲击对企业能源利用效率的影响及其作用机制。研究表明:(1)进口中间品供给紧缩冲击通过降低技术创新和全要素生产率显著抑制企业的能源利用效率。(2)利用中国入世引致的进口中间品供给扩张冲击构造准自然实验,从相反视角再次检验,结论得到进一步验证。(3)进口中间品供给紧缩冲击对非资源型城市企业、加工贸易企业、出口企业以及低技术行业企业的能源利用效率抑制明显,但对资源型城市企业、非加工贸易企业、非出口企业以及高技术行业企业的能源利用效率影响不显著。

The public health crises and anti-globalization have seriously influenced the international division of labor,increasing the risk of"Cutting-off"of imported intermediates.Based on the data of Chinese industrial enterprises,polluting enterprises,patent application and customs trade,this paper studies the effect of the supply shock of imported intermediates on energy efficiency using the method of exogenous indicators,quasi-natural experiment and intermediary effects.The research finds that:1)the impact of tight supply shock of imported intermediates reduces the energy efficiency of enterprises and the technological innovation and total factor productivity play intermediary roles.2)the conclusion is robust when we use the quasi-natural experiment of the expansion of the supply of imported intermediates caused by China’s WTO accession for a double check.3)the tight supply shock of imported intermediates has significantly inhibited the energy efficiency of enterprises located in non-resource-based urban,processing trade enterprises,exporter and enterprises in low-tech industries.However,it does not influence the enterprises located in resource-based urban,non-processing trade enterprises,non-exporter and enterprises in high-tech industries.