南太岛国的海洋治理及其困难

An analysis of the practice and difficulties of South Pacific island States’ participation in ocean governance

海洋是南太岛国赖以生存和发展的基础,海洋治理进程及其效果对南太岛国影响深远。南太岛国积极参与海洋治理实践,保护海洋环境、发展海洋经济和维护海洋安全为其海洋治理重点方向。首先,南太岛国通过签署条约、开展“海洋外交”以及利用区域平台机制,始终将海洋环境治理视为其参与海洋治理的优先领域;其次,重视对海洋旅游产业和渔业资源的保护,以此为基础的蓝色经济成为南太岛国区域经济新增长点;第三,南太岛国海洋战略地位突出,传统安全与非传统安全交织,维护海洋安全也是其参与海洋治理的重要议题。尽管这些实践取得了一定进展,但囿于南太岛国综合实力不足,南太岛国海洋治理存在严重的脆弱性和依赖性,海洋治理能力有待提升。

The oceans are the basis for the survival and development of South Pacific island countries,and the process of ocean governance and its effects have a profound impact on them.The South Pacific island countries actively participate in ocean governance practices,and the protection of the marine environment,the development of the marine economy and the maintenance of marine security are the key directions of ocean governance in the South Pacific island countries.Through the signing of treaties,"ocean diplomacy"and the use of regional platforms,the South Pacific island countries have always considered marine environmental governance as a priority area for their participation in ocean governance;they attach importance to the protection of their marine tourism industry and fisheries resources,and the blue economy based on this has become a new growth area for their regional economy,which is a key element of their sustainable development.The South Pacific island countries have a prominent strategic maritime position,with traditional and non-traditional security intertwined,and the maintenance of maritime security is an important issue for their participation in ocean governance.Although some progress has been made,due to the lack of comprehensive strength of the South Pacific island countries,there is serious vulnerability and dependence on ocean governance in the South Pacific island countries,and their ocean governance capabilities need to be enhanced.