丘陵矮化苹果园两减一优栽培技术探讨

Technical Discussion for Fine Quality Production with Reduced Pesticide and Fertilizer of Dwarf Apple Orchard in Hilly Region

针对山西省及我国黄土高原丘陵地区矮化苹果园优质高效生产的技术需求,分析并优化了苹果砧木利用方式、苗木栽植方式、树形管理模式、整形修剪技术及果园肥水管理技术,提出了该地区矮化苹果优质生产与药肥两减相结合生产技术(即“两减一优”栽培技术)。同时,通过对不同类型矮化果园的案例分析,探讨了苹果矮化砧穗组合对果园产量、品质、经济效益的综合影响,形成了药肥两减背景下苹果矮化果园优质高效生产的有效技术途径。

According to the requirements of apple dwarfing cultivation technique in Shanxi province and the semi-arid Loess Plateau Hilly Region in China,the technique of high quality production with reduced pesticide and fertilizer of apple dwarf cultivation was formed by analyzing technical modes including the utilization of apple rootstock,seedling transplanting,tree shape management,pruning and fertilizer and water management in orchard.At the same time,the comprehensive effects of apple cultivar/dwarfing rootstock combinations on the yield,quality and economic benefits of the orchard were discussed through the case analysis of different dwarfing orchards types,and the effective technical way of apple dwarfing cultivation in the semi-arid loess plateau hilly region.